# Christian Worship

Note

Justin Martyr, a 2nd-century Christian apologist, provides a detailed description of early Christian worship in his First Apology (written around 150-155 CE), particularly in chapters 65-67. Below is a summary of what he says about how a church service was conducted in his time

# Order of things

Gathering on Sunday | Justin notes that Christians gathered on the "day of the sun" (Sunday) for worship, as it was the day of Christ's resurrection. These gatherings included both urban and rural believers.
Reading of Scriptures | The service began with readings from the "memoirs of the apostles" (the Gospels) or the writings of the prophets, as long as time permitted. These readings formed the basis for the community's reflection and instruction.
Exhortation by the President | After the readings, the "president" (likely a presiding elder or bishop) delivered a sermon or exhortation, offering instruction and encouragement based on the Scriptures read.
Prayers | The congregation then stood together and offered communal prayers, likely for various needs, including the church, the world, and those in authority.
Eucharist (Lord’s Supper) | After prayers, the Eucharist was celebrated. Bread and a cup of wine mixed with water were brought to the president. He offered prayers of thanksgiving (eucharistia) over them, and the congregation responded with "Amen." The consecrated elements were then distributed to those present, and deacons took portions to those who were absent (e.g., the sick).
Collection for the Needy | During the service, those who were able and willing contributed to a collection, which was managed by the president. These funds were used to support orphans, widows, the sick, prisoners, and strangers in need.
Baptism (for New Converts) | In chapter 65, Justin describes the initiation of new believers, which preceded their participation in the Eucharist. Converts were baptized after instruction and a period of prayer and fasting, then welcomed into the community’s worship.

# Key features

The service was simple, centered on Scripture, prayer, and the Eucharist.
It emphasized communal participation, charity, and inclusivity (e.g., caring for the absent and needy).
The structure reflects a blend of Jewish synagogue practices (Scripture reading and teaching) and distinctly Christian elements (Eucharist and Sunday worship).

This description is one of the earliest accounts of Christian liturgy, showing a structured yet flexible worship service focused on spiritual nourishment and community support. For the full text, you can refer to Justin Martyr’s First Apology, chapters 65-67, available in many translations of early Christian writings.